The Arrangement of the Netherlands Indies Government and Loloda Resistance, 1817—1909
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55927/jsih.v5i2.6Keywords:
Arrangement, Government, Colonial, Resistance, LolodaAbstract
This article deals with the process of the arrangement of the Netherlands Indies government in Moluccas, particularly in Loloda during the period 1817-1909. This arrangement was based on several treaties agreed between the colonial government and the Ternate Sultanate. Three of them were signed by the two parties and have given a great impact on Loloda’s sovereignty including the treaties of the years 1817, 1822, and 1824. The impact on the implementation of such contract led to three aspects: firstly, towards local authority; secondly, towards native people; and thirdly is the Dutch Protestant missionary activity. The arrangement on the three aspects raised a resistance against such arrangement, categorized as the onlusten/ongeregeldheden (riot) which is slightly different from Sartono Kartdirdjo’s studies on the Banten revolt in 1888. This is evidently contrary to Resink’s study revealing that in the period 1850—1910, the free kingdoms including Ternate, which is fallible, since the treaties’ articles even strengthen colonial authority upon Ternate and Loloda. The issues to be answered in this article regarding 1. the background; 2. the governance arrangement process; and 3. The reactions towards the arrangement. Studies on archives and literature are parts of history method and methodology applied in this article writing.
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